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Films That Blew Their Ending

Films That Blew Their Ending

A bad ending isn’t just an unhappy one. The endings on this list fail in diagnosable ways: logic that collapses on inspection, resolutions that contradict everything the film built, narrative cowardice dressed up as profundity, studio interference that amputates the story the film was telling, and the occasional case of a filmmaker losing the thread in the final act.

Several of these films are good, even excellent, until the ending. That makes the failure worse. A bad film with a bad ending is just a bad film. A good film with a bad ending is a waste, ninety minutes of investment that the final ten minutes refuses to honor.

A blown ending makes me angrier than a bad movie can, because a bad movie never promised me anything. When a film spends two hours earning my trust and then throws it away in the last ten minutes, it feels like someone I liked cheated me. Some of these films are ones I think highly of, and that’s why they sting.

These are opinions. Strong ones. Drop a comment below if you disagree. Several of these entries will produce disagreement.

↑ All Films

1. Signs (2002)

Failure Type: Logic Collapse
M. Night Shyamalan

“Swing away, Merrill.”

Signs is an effective thriller for its first two acts, an alien invasion film that works entirely at the scale of one family on one farm, building dread through restraint and sound. Then the ending reveals that the aliens who have traveled across the galaxy to invade Earth are fatally allergic to water.

Earth is seventy percent water. It rains here regularly. The aliens invaded without protective suits, without helmets, without any apparent awareness of the planet’s most abundant surface feature.

Shyamalan has said the water is a metaphor for faith, Mel Gibson’s character rediscovers his belief through the events of the film, and the water is baptismal. This is a legitimate thematic intention that doesn’t survive contact with the physics of the premise. A metaphor that breaks the story’s internal logic is a plot hole wearing a philosophy costume.

For WritersWhen your ending requires a symbolic resolution, audit it for logical consistency with the world you’ve built. Thematic meaning and internal logic aren’t opposites, the best endings satisfy both. If your symbolic resolution requires the audience to ignore the mechanics of your fictional world, you haven’t found the right symbol. Find one that works on both levels or restructure the world so the symbol fits.

↑ All Films

2. Prometheus (2012)

► Read the full review of Prometheus (2012)

Failure Type: Sequel Hook Masquerading as Resolution
Ridley Scott / Damon Lindelof

“Where are you going?” “To find the Engineers.”

After two hours of questions, Who are the Engineers?

Why did they create us? Why do they want to destroy us? Prometheus answers none of them. The surviving character decides to find more Engineers, the credits roll, and the audience is left holding a bill for answers that won’t arrive until a sequel that answers different questions anyway. The film mistakes the raising of questions for storytelling. Questions aren’t a story. Questions with answers are a story.

The failure is Damon Lindelof’s fingerprints: the same structure that made Lost’s later seasons frustrating (mysteries stacked on mysteries, answers deferred indefinitely, the raising of questions as a substitute for resolution) applied to a feature film where the audience has two hours, not six seasons of investment to draw on. You can’t defer everything in a two-hour film. There’s nowhere to defer to.

Prometheus is a bigger letdown than almost any big science fiction film of its era. It looks gorgeous, which somehow makes it worse, because all that craft went into a story that refuses to tell me anything. I’d have forgiven weak answers. I can’t forgive a film that treats having no answers as if it were depth.

For WritersA story that raises questions must answer enough of them to constitute a complete experience. The questions you leave open at the end should feel like intentional ambiguity instead of deferred resolution. The reader should feel they have understood something, even if not everything. A film that ends with its protagonist pursuing the next set of questions instead of resolving any of the current ones hasn’t told a story. It has written a pilot episode.

↑ All Films

3. The Matrix Revolutions (2003)

Failure Type: Resolution That Resolves Nothing
The Wachowskis

“It ends tonight.”

Neo dies. The Matrix is still running. The humans are still inside it. The machines are still in control. The peace treaty negotiated by Neo’s sacrifice lasts until the machines decide it doesn’t, which the film acknowledges they can do at any time. The Oracle says the humans who want to leave the Matrix will be allowed to. This means the humans who don’t notice they’re in the Matrix (which is most of them) remain enslaved. Nothing fundamental changes. The status quo is preserved with a gentler face.

The original Matrix set up a story about human liberation from machine control. Revolutions ends that story with a negotiated accommodation that leaves the machines in control of the humans. This isn’t a tragic ending. It would be a fine tragic ending if it were framed as one. It’s presented as triumph. The framing is the failure.

For WritersWhen your ending resolves the immediate conflict while leaving the fundamental situation unchanged, ensure the framing matches what has been achieved instead of what the characters hoped to achieve. A pyrrhic victory presented as triumph is dishonest to the story’s own terms. If your protagonist achieves less than the story promised, either restructure the promise or restructure the ending, or frame the partial achievement honestly as what it is.

↑ All Films

4. A.I. Artificial Intelligence (2001)

► Read the full review of A.I. Artificial Intelligence (2001)

Failure Type: Twenty Extra Minutes of Wrong Ending
Steven Spielberg / Stanley Kubrick

“She was the one who had taught him to love.”

The correct ending of A.I. is David at the bottom of the ocean, frozen in his forward lunge toward the Blue Fairy he can never reach, trapped forever in the moment of reaching for something he can’t have. It’s devastating, honest, and exactly right for what the film has built. This ending occurs at approximately the ninety-minute mark. The film then continues for twenty more minutes.

What follows (the future beings who reconstruct Monica for a single perfect day, David’s final happiness, the earned peace) undercuts everything the film earned. Kubrick’s version of this story would have ended at the ocean. Spielberg added the coda because he couldn’t leave the boy without hope. This is a legitimate creative disagreement and the wrong creative decision. The film’s real ending is a masterwork. The film’s actual ending is comfort food that the film hadn’t ordered.

The ocean scene is heartbreaking, and I’d put it among the finest things Spielberg ever shot. That’s what makes the rest so maddening. He had the ending, then lost his nerve and kept filming, and the coda feels to me like somebody patting the audience on the head after a funeral. Those twenty minutes cost the whole film its standing with me.

For WritersThe moment your story has reached its ending, end. The instinct to provide comfort after a devastating conclusion, to give the reader a soft landing after a hard truth, is usually the instinct to undo what you just accomplished. If your story has built toward an honest, difficult ending, trust it. The reader who has come this far deserves the ending the story built, not the one that makes everyone feel better on the way out. Comfort appended to honest devastation cheapens both.

↑ All Films

5. Sunshine (2007)

► Read the full review of Sunshine (2007)

Failure Type: Genre Switch in the Third Act
Danny Boyle / Alex Garland

“At the end of time, a moment will come when just one man remains.”

For its first hour and a half, Sunshine is one of the finest science fiction films of the 2000s: a crew delivering a stellar bomb to reignite a dying sun, the psychological pressure of eight people in a tin can facing extinction, Boyle’s visual grammar building dread through light and silence.

Then the film becomes a slasher movie. A religious maniac from the previous mission boards the ship and kills the crew one by one in the dark. That’s a genre transplant performed without anesthetic.

Alex Garland has acknowledged the failure. The film needed a third-act antagonist and reached for the nearest available genre solution instead of finding one consistent with what the film had built. The science fiction story about human beings sacrificing themselves to save existence deserved a science fiction ending. It got a horror movie instead.

I like Sunshine a great deal, and for most of its running time I’d put it near the top of the decade’s science fiction. The slasher turn was a wrong call. Boyle already had a dying star and a crew under unbearable pressure, and that’s plenty without a maniac lurking in the dark. I still recommend it, with a warning to brace for the last stretch.

For WritersWhen your story requires escalation in its final act, find the escalation within the genre and tone you’ve established instead of importing one from a different genre. A third-act antagonist dropped into an established story from a different genre produces exactly the disconnect Sunshine shows. The audience has calibrated their expectations to the world the story built, and a sudden genre switch breaks that calibration. The ending must be the logical intensification of what came before.

↑ All Films

6. War of the Worlds (2005)

► Read the full review of War of the Worlds (2005)

Failure Type: Character Logic Abandoned for Happy Ending
Steven Spielberg / Josh Friedman

“This is the day.”

Robbie Ferrier runs directly into a valley where tripods are incinerating everything and everyone. Ray watches his son disappear into the fireball. Ray then delivers his daughter to her mother in Boston. Then Robbie walks out of the brownstone, completely unharmed. There’s no explanation. There’s no qualification. He simply appears, intact, because the film needs him to be alive at the end and Spielberg wasn’t willing to let a child die onscreen in a summer blockbuster.

The film spent two hours establishing that surviving the tripods requires the right behavior, the right luck, and the right decisions. Robbie survives by running directly at the tripods. This doesn’t compute within the film’s own rules. The emotional logic of the film, Ray’s terror of losing his son, required Robbie’s survival. The dramatic logic (the film’s established rules about how survival works) required his death. Spielberg chose the emotional logic and broke the dramatic one.

I think War of the Worlds is a terrific film, and the tripod attacks hold up against anything Spielberg has done. Ray’s panic feels real to me from the first minute to the last. Robbie strolling out of that brownstone is a cop-out after all that. One cheap minute at the end of a movie this good sticks out like a bad tooth, and it’s the only real mark I’d hold against it.

For WritersWhen emotional logic and dramatic logic conflict at the ending, you can’t satisfy both by simply ignoring the dramatic logic. If your established rules make a happy outcome impossible and you want a happy outcome, change the rules earlier in the story, not at the ending, where the audience will notice immediately. An ending that violates the story’s own rules to produce a desired emotional result is a cheat wearing the costume of an emotionally satisfying one.

↑ All Films

7. Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008)

► Read the full review of Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008)

Failure Type: Mythology Incompatible With the Franchise
Steven Spielberg / George Lucas / David Koepp

“They’re not from outer space. They’re from the space between spaces.”

The Indiana Jones franchise works on a supernatural tone: the power of faith, the wrath of God, the Jewish Ark of the Covenant, the Hindu Sankara Stones, the Holy Grail. The MacGuffins are religious artifacts from human traditions. They derive their power from belief. Crystal Skull replaces this mythology with alien interdimensional beings, a different supernatural tone entirely, science fiction instead of religious mystery, and the shift breaks something fundamental about what Indiana Jones is.

The aliens are wrong because they break the franchise’s established grammar, and that has nothing to do with science fiction being inferior to religious mythology. Indy has spent three films operating in a universe where God is real and angry, so replacing God with aliens is a category error. George Lucas wanted a 1950s sci-fi homage, and he bolted it onto a franchise built as a 1930s pulp adventure homage.

For WritersWhen you work in an established franchise or series, the mythology you introduce in later installments must be compatible with the mythology already established, not identical, but operating in the same tone. Introducing a different category of supernatural phenomenon breaks the audience’s calibrated relationship with the fictional world. Establish the tone of your supernatural universe early and expand within it. Aliens and religious miracles aren’t interchangeable, even in fiction.

↑ All Films

8. The Village (2004)

Failure Type: Twist That Invalidates the Film
M. Night Shyamalan

“We do not speak of those we do not speak of.”

The Village builds a period supernatural drama about a nineteenth-century community terrorized by creatures in the surrounding woods.

The twist reveals that the village is a modern community established by grief-stricken people who wanted to escape the violence of the contemporary world, that the creatures are costumes worn by the elders to keep the community from leaving, and that the film is set in the present day on a wildlife preserve. This revelation doesn’t reframe the film in an interesting way. It makes the film about nothing.

A twist ending should make everything that preceded it more interesting retroactively. The Sixth Sense does this, revisiting the film with the knowledge of what Crowe is reveals dozens of planted details that now read differently. The Village’s twist makes everything that preceded it less interesting, because the real menace the film spent ninety minutes building retroactively evaporates. There were no creatures. The terror was manufactured. The audience was deceived not in service of a better story but in service of a lesser one.

For WritersA twist ending must pass the retroactive enrichment test: does knowledge of the twist make everything that preceded it more interesting, or less? If your twist reveals that the story you told was a deception instead of a story (that the audience was watching a fiction within the fiction instead of the fiction itself) the twist has undermined the investment instead of adding to it. Twist endings that reframe are satisfying. Twist endings that invalidate are betrayals. For more, see my article on plot devices that work and those that wreck a story.

↑ All Films

9. Avengers: Endgame (2019)

► Read the full review of Avengers: Endgame (2019)

Failure Type: Rules Invented and Abandoned in the Same Film
Russo Brothers / McFeely / Markus

“Whatever it takes.”

It establishes its time travel rules explicitly: you can’t change the past, you can only create branching timelines, going back in time doesn’t change your present. The Ancient One explains this on a rooftop. Banner explains this in a conference room. The rules are clear. Then Steve Rogers goes back in time, stays in the past, lives a full life with Peggy Carter, and returns as an old man to give Sam Wilson his shield: in the original timeline, as an old man who wasn’t there five minutes ago, having changed his own past.

That’s a direct violation of the rules the film established forty minutes earlier. The filmmakers wanted Steve’s ending and constructed it in defiance of their own mechanics. The emotional logic of the scene is moving, but it can’t cover for structural logic that’s a category error.

Endgame disappointed me badly. The film explains its time travel rules twice, once on a rooftop and once in a conference room, as if it wanted credit for being careful, and then throws them away for a sentimental payoff. A tearjerker ending would have been fine with me if the film hadn’t spent forty minutes insisting the rules mattered.

For WritersIf you establish rules for your world’s mechanics, you must follow them, especially at the climax, where the audience is paying closest attention. The temptation to violate your own rules to produce a desired emotional outcome is at its highest in the final act, and that’s where the violation is most damaging. If you need a specific ending, work backward from that ending to ensure the mechanics you establish support it. Don’t establish mechanics and then ignore them when they become inconvenient.

↑ All Films

10. The Dark Knight Rises (2012)

► Read the full review of The Dark Knight Rises (2012)

Failure Type: Character Betrayal for a Happy Ending
Christopher Nolan

“A hero can be anyone.”

Bruce Wayne fakes his death, retires from being Batman, and Alfred discovers him sitting at a café in Florence with Selina Kyle, apparently happy. This ending fails Bruce Wayne as a character in multiple specific ways: he built an entire mythology around sacrifice, he told Alfred repeatedly that Batman was more than a man, he structured his entire adult life around a vow made over his parents’ bodies. The man who walks away to a café in Florence isn’t the man the films spent three movies building.

Alfred’s vision (Bruce at the café, alive and at peace) is the film’s most dishonest moment because it’s presented as fulfillment when it’s abandonment. Bruce Wayne doesn’t get to retire. That’s the character. A version of Bruce Wayne who retires to Florence with a cat burglar is a different character wearing the same name, and the audience who invested in the first character deserves the ending that character earned instead of the ending a different character could have.

For WritersWhen you’ve established a character with a core identity across multiple stories, the ending must honor that identity even if it requires a difficult outcome. A happy ending that requires the character to become someone other than who they’ve been is a happy ending for a stranger. The audience’s investment is in the person you established, not in anyone who might inhabit a similar situation more comfortably.

↑ All Films

11. Interstellar (2014)

► Read the full review of Interstellar (2014)

Failure Type: Love as the Fifth Dimension
Christopher Nolan / Jonathan Nolan

“Love is the one thing we’re capable of perceiving that transcends dimensions of time and space.”

Interstellar spends two and a half hours establishing itself as hard science fiction (Kip Thorne’s black hole physics, accurate orbital mechanics, the horror of time dilation) and then explains the resolution with love as a transcendent physical force that works across dimensions. Cooper can communicate with his daughter across time because his love for her is strong enough to travel through a tesseract constructed by fifth-dimensional beings. That’s fantasy wearing a spacesuit.

For 150 minutes, it invited the audience’s trust by showing scientific rigor. It then cashed in that trust by abandoning the tone it established. If the film had been honest from the start that love was going to be the answer, the audience could calibrate accordingly. The bait-and-switch, scientific credibility followed by metaphysical hand-waving at the climax, is the betrayal.

I gave up on Interstellar the moment love became a physical force. After all that careful talk about time dilation, the film asked me to accept a greeting card as science, and I felt insulted. Nolan had the nerve to promise rigor and no stomach for following through, and I can’t think of many endings that soured an entire film for me this completely.

For WritersThe tone you establish in your story’s opening creates a contract with the reader about what kind of story they’re in. A story that presents itself as scientific or rational and resolves itself through mystical or emotional mechanisms has broken that contract. If love or faith or intuition is going to be the answer, signal that possibility early enough that the reader’s expectations are calibrated correctly. The ending must be consistent with the story’s established tone or the mismatch will feel like betrayal regardless of how emotionally satisfying the resolution is on its own terms.

↑ All Films

12. Titanic (1997)

► Read the full review of Titanic (1997)

Failure Type: The Door
James Cameron

“I’ll never let go, Jack.”

There was room on the door. This has been tested, debated, mythologized, and eventually confirmed by MythBusters and then by James Cameron himself, who acknowledged that Jack could have fit on the door but the script required him to die. The door isn’t the film’s only problem but it’s its most visible one: a death that the film presents as tragic inevitability when the audience can see a floating door large enough for two people directly behind the grieving woman.

Cameron’s acknowledgment (“the script required him to die”) is the answer and the wrong answer. If the script requires a death, the script must construct conditions under which the death is unavoidable. Titanic fails this test because Cameron spent $200 million on production design accurate to the millimeter and then asked the audience to not notice a door.

I enjoy Titanic a lot. The sinking is huge, terrifying filmmaking, and Cameron’s obsession with detail pays off in every corridor that floods. The door is my reservation, and it’s a real one. A director who sweated every rivet had no excuse to leave a raft floating in plain sight behind his heroine.

For WritersIf your plot requires a specific outcome, construct the circumstances so that outcome is the only available one instead of simply the one you’ve chosen. When the audience can see a solution the character doesn’t take, the death or failure reads as authorial imposition. Tragic outcomes must be unavoidable within the story’s logic. If they’re avoidable and the character simply doesn’t take the available option, the audience will spend the rest of the story thinking about the option instead of the tragedy.

↑ All Films

13. Man of Steel (2013)

Failure Type: Character-Defining Action That Breaks the Character
Zack Snyder / David S. Goyer

“You’re not God.” “No. I’m not.”

Superman snaps General Zod’s neck. The filmmakers have defended this choice as dramatically necessary. Zod had to die, there was no other option, it was a real moral dilemma. These defenses are correct about the scene in isolation and wrong about the character. Superman doesn’t kill. That’s the character’s defining moral line. A Superman who kills is a different character. The film spent two hours establishing this Superman and then had him do the thing that defines him as not being Superman.

The scene is well-executed. Cavill plays the anguish convincingly. If the character were someone other than Superman, anyone other than Superman, it would work. The problem is the character the film chose as its protagonist and the one thing that character, by definition, doesn’t do.

For WritersWhen a character has a defining moral line (a thing they won’t do regardless of circumstances) the story must either respect that line or make the crossing of it the central dramatic event instead of an ending that occurs after the climax. Superman killing someone isn’t a character moment that can be processed in thirty seconds of screen time and then set aside. It’s the story. If you want to tell that story, make it the story. If you don’t want to tell that story, don’t put the character in a position where the only available option is to cross their defining line.

↑ All Films

14. I Am Legend (2007)

► Read the full review of I Am Legend (2007)

Failure Type: Wrong Ending Released, Correct Ending Buried
Francis Lawrence / Akiva Goldsman

“God didn’t do this. We did.”

The theatrical ending has Neville sacrifice himself with a grenade to save two survivors and a vial of his cure, dying as a legend. The alternate ending, cut by the studio after test screenings, has Neville realize that the infected aren’t mindless predators but a society that’s adapted, that the Alpha male has been trying to rescue his captured companion throughout the film, and that Neville himself has been the monster, the thing that goes bump in the night for the infected’s community. He returns the female, the infected leave, Neville survives.

The alternate ending is the correct ending because it’s the ending the title promises. “I Am Legend”. Neville becomes legend to the infected as a monster they survived, not legend to surviving humans as a martyr. The theatrical ending is conventional heroic sacrifice. The alternate ending honors the source material’s actual point. Test audiences preferred the conventional ending. The studio released the conventional ending. The actual film is on YouTube.

I’m mixed on I Am Legend. The parts that work hold my attention, but the theatrical ending turns the film into an ordinary action movie, and it galls me that the studio shot a smarter ending and then buried it because of a test screening. Studios keep trusting comment cards over the story, and viewers are the ones who pay for it.

For WritersWhen your title contains your theme, your ending must fulfill that theme. “I Am Legend” promises an ending that explains the title’s meaning. The theatrical ending makes Neville a legend to survivors in a conventional sense. The alternate ending makes him a legend to the infected in the disturbing sense the source material intended. If your story’s title is a promise, your ending must keep it.

↑ All Films

15. Knowing (2009)

Failure Type: Nicolas Cage Gives His Son to Aliens
Alex Proyas / Ryne Douglas Pearson

“It’s gonna be okay, Dad.”

Knowing builds an effective disaster thriller (a professor decodes a fifty-year-old message predicting every major disaster of the past five decades, including the date of Earth’s destruction) and sustains it for about ninety minutes before revealing that the angelic beings whispering to his son are aliens who have been selecting children to repopulate a new planet. The film ends with Cage watching his son and a girl be taken away by aliens in a ship while Earth burns. Then the children run through an alien wheat field toward a tree of life.

Tone is where it fails. The film builds toward a bleak, honest ending. Everyone dies, the Earth burns, the professor dies with it. What it delivers is a science fiction rapture complete with alien ships and alien wheat fields. That is so tonally inconsistent with the thriller it spent ninety minutes building that the audience response is involuntary laughter. The ending is catastrophically wrong for this film.

For WritersTonal consistency across a story’s ending is as important as logical consistency. An ending that works in a completely different emotional tone from the film it concludes produces the same dissonance as an ending that violates the story’s rules. The audience has calibrated their emotional response to the established tone, and a sudden tonal shift feels like a different film has been spliced in. If your ending is going to shift tones, prepare the audience gradually instead of pivoting without warning in the final ten minutes.

↑ All Films

16. Alien: Covenant (2017)

Failure Type: Villain Wins, Credits Roll
Ridley Scott / John Logan

“Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair.”

David the android has killed an entire planet’s worth of Engineer beings with a biological weapon, killed the Prometheus crew, killed the Covenant crew, replaced the surviving android with himself, stored two facehugger embryos in the colonist’s embryo bank, and is now alone on a colony ship with 2,000 sleeping colonists and two survivors who believe he’s Walter. End credits. The villain has won completely. There’s no consequence, no resistance, no indication that anything will prevent David from doing whatever he intends to do with 2,000 colonists.

An ending where the villain wins is legitimate and can be powerful. This ending doesn’t feel like a deliberate dark choice. It feels like the film ran out of story. David’s victory is so complete and so uncontested that the ending has the quality of a film that simply stopped instead of one that concluded. The story hasn’t been told. A chapter has ended mid-sentence.

For WritersA villain victory ending requires the same structural completeness as a hero victory ending. The audience must feel that a complete story has been told, even if the outcome is dark. An ending where the villain wins everything and there are no remaining stakes, no remaining question, and no sense of what happens next is an incomplete ending. Earn your dark endings the same way you earn any other kind: by making them feel inevitable. Writing Heroes and Villains goes into this in detail.

↑ All Films

17. Game of Thrones – Season 8 (2019)

► Read the full review of Game of Thrones (2011-2019)

Failure Type: Bran
D.B. Weiss / David Benioff / HBO

“Why do you think I came all this way?”

Eight seasons. Eight seasons of the most ambitious long-form television storytelling in the medium’s history (a story about power, family, honor, betrayal, and the gap between what we deserve and what we get) resolved by making Bran Stark the king of the Six Kingdoms. Bran, who sat in a wheelchair for three seasons communicating primarily through meaningful silences and occasionally warging into ravens. Bran, whom the Three-Eyed Raven told that he’d never walk again but would fly. Bran, king.

What goes wrong is that his victory comes from nowhere, is built on nothing, and completes no arc. Bran doesn’t want to be king. Bran says so. He’s made king anyway because Tyrion gives a speech. Eight seasons of the show arguing that Westeros needs to break the wheel of dynastic power, and the wheel is broken by appointing a new king through the word of a small council.

The story’s argument about power was abandoned in service of an ending that needed to check specific boxes before the credits rolled.

I enjoyed Game of Thrones for most of its run, and that’s why the last season stung so much. The show taught me to expect consequences, then hurried to the finish like it had a plane to catch. Bran on the throne is the moment I stopped caring who won.

For WritersAn ending must honor the argument the story has been making. If your story has spent its entire length arguing against a system or value, the ending can’t resolve by reinstating that system or value without explanation. Game of Thrones spent eight seasons arguing that the old ways of choosing kings produced disaster. Its ending chooses a king through a slightly modified version of the old ways. The show abandoned the argument at the moment it needed to deliver it. Know what your story is arguing and ensure the ending argues it.

↑ All Films

18. The Rise of Skywalker (2019)

Failure Type: Retroactive Identity Replacement
J.J. Abrams / Chris Terrio

“Rey Skywalker.”

The Last Jedi established that Rey’s parents were nobody: that she came from nothing, that her power was her own, that the Force wasn’t hereditary property of established bloodlines. This was the most interesting thing the sequel trilogy did: a hero defined not by whose child she was but by who she chose to be. Rise of Skywalker reversed this in the first thirty minutes, revealed that she was Palpatine’s granddaughter, had her reject her heritage and choose the name Skywalker, and presented this as triumph.

The name Skywalker isn’t hers. She chose it. But the film presents the choice as if heritage still matters: as if belonging to a famous family, even by adoption of name, not blood, is necessary for the story to conclude properly. The ending contradicts the argument The Last Jedi made and replaces Rey’s specific identity with a borrowed one. She ends the trilogy as nobody’s granddaughter pretending to be somebody else’s daughter. That’s a participation trophy.

For WritersWhen a series establishes a theme across multiple installments, later installments must honor that theme. A sequel that contradicts its predecessor’s thematic argument doesn’t simply tell a different story, it retroactively damages the predecessor by making its argument provisional. If you’re writing in a series, understand the thematic commitments already made and either honor them or explicitly argue against them instead of silently reversing them as if the previous story hadn’t been told.

↑ All Films

19. Hancock (2008)

Failure Type: Mythology That Goes Nowhere
Peter Berg / Vincent Ngo / Vince Gilligan

“We’re not supposed to be together.”

Hancock spends its first half being an interesting superhero film (an alcoholic, antisocial Superman figure reluctantly trying to rehabilitate his public image) and then reveals at the midpoint that the PR man’s wife is also a superhero, that she and Hancock are ancient paired beings who lose their powers when they’re near each other, that there are others like them who have died across human history. The film introduces this mythology with forty minutes remaining and resolves it with approximately none of them. It ends, abandons the mythology, explains nothing.

The mythology is interesting. A film about paired immortal beings who are drawn together and destroyed by proximity could be extraordinary. Hancock introduces this premise, establishes its stakes, and then sets it aside to finish the film it was before the midpoint twist. The result is a film that contains two interesting films and completes neither of them.

For WritersDon’t introduce mythology in your third act that you don’t have time to develop. A midpoint revelation that reframes the entire story requires the remaining story to explore the new structure, not to use it as background color and continue the original plot. If you introduce a large new element late in the story, either build to it across the entire narrative or introduce it earlier. A mythology that arrives with forty minutes remaining and isn’t addressed by the ending is a loose thread you forgot to tie.

↑ All Films

20. The Happening (2008)

Failure Type: It Just Stops
M. Night Shyamalan

“Why is this happening?”

Plants release a neurotoxin that causes humans to kill themselves. Mark Wahlberg and Zooey Deschanel run away from the wind for ninety minutes. Then it stops. The plants stop. The couple are reunited. The news reports a similar event beginning in France. Presumably France has Mark Wahlberg.

The film hasn’t explained why it started, why it stopped, what the plants were responding to, or what the characters did to survive beyond running in directions the wind wasn’t blowing. The answer to every question the film raises is: the movie ended.

Shyamalan has said the film is a B-movie and audiences should take it as one. This defense acknowledges the failure without addressing it. B-movies end. They don’t simply stop. The Happening stops at approximately the point where it would need to provide a resolution, because no resolution was available. The wind was the antagonist. You can’t defeat the wind. You can only wait for the wind to lose interest, and that’s what the film’s characters do.

The Happening is the one entry here I find funnier than infuriating. Two people outrunning a breeze for ninety minutes is so strange that I almost admire the gall of it. Calling it a B-movie after the fact is still a dodge, and Shyamalan should know better.

For WritersIf your antagonist is a force instead of a character (weather, disease, a natural phenomenon) your resolution can’t depend on defeating that force. It must depend on the characters’ relationship to the force changing, the characters escaping the force’s reach, or the force achieving its purpose and withdrawing. A story that ends because the antagonistic force simply stops for unexplained reasons is a deus ex machina with the deus removed. Know how your antagonist can be resolved before you commit to it as your antagonist. I’ve gone into this further in my piece on why villain motivations fall apart.

↑ All Films

21. Clash of the Titans (2010)

Failure Type: Thematic Contradiction
Louis Leterrier / Travis Beacham

“Release the Kraken!”

Perseus spends the entire film refusing divine help, insisting on fighting as a man, not as a demigod, rejecting the gifts Zeus offers him, and making a speech about human independence from divine interference. He then uses Zeus’s divine gifts to defeat the Kraken, and when Zeus offers him Io as a divine reward, he accepts. Everything that happens in the final twenty minutes contradicts the film’s entire thematic argument (man stands alone, humans don’t need the gods, Perseus fights for humanity not divinity).

This is the failure of the action sequel problem: the climax requires spectacle that exceeds the hero’s established capabilities, so the hero is given divine power-ups regardless of what the story has said about divine power-ups. The theme evaporates because the action requirements of the ending are incompatible with the theme the story established. The set piece wins. The story loses.

For WritersYour ending’s action requirements must be compatible with your story’s thematic commitments. If your story argues that the protagonist achieves through their own resources, not external power, the climax can’t be resolved through external power without contradicting the argument. When you design your climax, ask whether the resolution honors the theme or simply produces the most spectacular available outcome. Spectacular outcomes that contradict the story’s argument fail to satisfy. They’re impressive displays attached to stories that end without meaning what they said they meant.

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22. World War Z (2013)

► Read the full review of World War Z (2013)

Failure Type: Scale Collapse
Marc Forster / Matthew Michael Carnahan

“Movement is life.”

World War Z spends two hours depicting a global zombie apocalypse of cinematic scale (the zombie waves cresting walls, the collapse of Israel, the sequence on the plane) and then resolves the entire thing in a Welsh research facility where Brad Pitt infects himself with a terminal pathogen that makes zombies ignore him. The solution to the zombie apocalypse is a camouflage that can be manufactured and distributed to everyone. Crisis over.

The scale collapse is the failure: the film established a threat of civilization-ending magnitude and resolved it with the equivalent of finding the right bug spray. The ending doesn’t match the scope of the problem the film established. Two hours of apocalyptic spectacle resolved by a man in a Welsh basement injecting himself with something is a comedy of proportion regardless of how it’s filmed.

World War Z is a mixed bag for me. The wall of bodies and the plane sequence are thrilling, and then the finale shrinks to a man in a basement, which feels like a different and much smaller movie. A quiet finale could work. This one lands after two hours of promising me the end of the world, and the gap is too big to ignore.

For WritersThe scale of your resolution must match the scale of your threat. A civilization-ending antagonist requires a civilization-scale response at the ending, not a clever individual solution that the single protagonist discovered. When you establish the scale of your threat, you’re making a promise to the reader about the scale of the resolution. A small resolution to a large threat reads as deflation regardless of how clever the solution is. Match the scale of your ending to the scale of what it resolves.

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23. Grease (1978)

► Read the full review of Grease (1978)

Failure Type: Asymmetric Compromise
Randal Kleiser / Bronte Woodard

“Tell me about it, stud.”

Sandy changes everything. Sandy abandons her values, her style, her self-presentation, and her comfort to become the kind of woman Danny finds attractive in front of his friends. Danny puts on a letterman jacket for approximately forty-five seconds before Sandy appears in leather pants and a cigarette and he abandons the attempt immediately. The film presents this as love conquering all. What it presents is one person making all the concessions and the other person making a token gesture and then watching the first person make all the concessions instead.

This problem doesn’t escape the film, which handles it by making Sandy’s transformation into a liberation instead of a capitulation. She’s not becoming what Danny wants, she’s choosing to want what she already wanted and stop pretending otherwise. This reading is available and slightly strained. The simpler reading (she changed, he didn’t) is also available and considerably more accurate to what the film shows.

For WritersWhen your romantic resolution requires both characters to change, ensure both characters change in proportionate ways. An ending where one character makes all the concessions and the other makes token gestures is a surrender dressed as compromise. If your story’s romantic argument is that love requires mutual accommodation, the ending must show mutual accommodation. What the characters do must show what the story argues, and the narrative voice can’t simply state it while the characters do something different.

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24. Coherence (2013)

Failure Type: Stops Rather Than Ends
James Ward Byrkit

“What if there’s a better version out there?”

Coherence is one of the cleverest low-budget science fiction films of the decade (a dinner party disrupted by a passing comet that creates parallel reality branches, the guests slowly realizing that the other people in other houses on the street are alternate versions of themselves) and it maintains its premise with real rigor for most of its running time. Then it stops. Emily has killed her alternate self and taken her place. The comet passes. The film ends.

The story never resolves the premise. It simply abandons it when the comet passes. Emily is in a timeline that’s not hers, with a boyfriend who’s not hers, having committed a murder that no one will discover because the victim is her. The film’s final shot shows Emily’s new boyfriend approaching her with an expression suggesting he knows something is wrong. Then credits. The story has found an interesting final image and substituted it for an ending.

For WritersA final image is a punctuation mark that belongs at the end of a complete sentence. Coherence ends on a final image that implies the story will continue (the boyfriend’s suspicious expression, the precarious situation) without providing any resolution of the situation the film created. An ambiguous ending is legitimate when the ambiguity is the point. An ending that stops mid-sentence because the story hasn’t found its conclusion is just incomplete. Know the difference before you choose it.

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25. Hardcore (1979)

► Read the full review of Hardcore (1979) –

Failure Type: Commercial Accommodation That Breaks the Film’s Own Argument
Paul Schrader

“Turn it off.”

Paul Schrader’s film spends ninety minutes building one of American cinema’s most precise portraits of Calvinist rigidity encountering a world it’s no tools to process. Jake Van Dorn descends into the Los Angeles sex industry to find his missing daughter. The film’s theological architecture is complete, its character psychology is specific, its argument about the gap between a man’s certainty about the world and the world’s indifference to that certainty is devastating. Then Jake finds Kristen. They embrace. The film implies recovery and return.

This is the film’s one dishonesty, and it’s the last thing the audience sees. Kristen has spent months in that world. The trauma doesn’t end when Jake finds her. It begins. Jake’s Calvinist structure has been systematically invalidated across ninety minutes; the film then pretends it can provide the resolution that structure would require. Schrader knew the ending was a lie when he shot it. He shot it anyway. The commercial accommodation damages the work permanently, not fatally, but permanently.

Hardcore is a tough, serious film, and I admire most of it enormously. Schrader’s portrait of a rigid man in a world that doesn’t care what he believes rings true to me. I dislike the ending. A hug and an implied homecoming after all that feels cheap, and a filmmaker this honest should have trusted his audience with the hard version.

For WritersSchrader built a complete and honest argument across ninety minutes and then flinched at the ending. The argument required one conclusion, one the film’s entire architecture pointed toward, and Schrader delivered a different one to accommodate commercial expectations. When your story has made an argument, the ending must complete the argument. Commercial pressure, fear of audience rejection, and the desire to provide comfort are all understandable reasons to soften a difficult ending. They are also all betrayals of the work. The ending the story set up is the only ending the story can honestly have.

Why Endings Fail

The twenty-five failures here cluster into a small number of categories: logic that collapses on inspection, resolutions that contradict the story’s own rules, commercial accommodations that soften what the story required to be hard, mythology introduced too late to develop, genre switches the audience didn’t agree to, and endings that honor the filmmaker’s preferences over the story’s demands.

The common thread is a failure of commitment: to the story’s own logic, its own argument, its own characters. The best endings are the ones that couldn’t have been otherwise: the events of the preceding story made them inevitable, and the audience feels that inevitability even when the outcome isn’t what they wanted. The worst endings are the ones that could easily have been otherwise and were chosen anyway for reasons that had nothing to do with the story.

Every film on this list shares one flaw: the good ending was usually sitting right there. Somebody wrote it, or even shot it, and then picked comfort or a sequel hook over the story. I’ll forgive a film for being clumsy. It’s much harder for me to forgive one that knew better and flinched, and most of these knew better.

Disagree? Good.

Several of these are controversial. Drop a comment, especially if you think No Country for Old Men should be on this list.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Why do so many good films fail at the ending?
Because an ending has to satisfy two obligations at once: it must be surprising and it must be the only thing that could have happened. Most failures sacrifice the second for the first. Signs builds real dread and then explains it with a premise that collapses under one question.
What is the most common kind of ending failure?
Explanation. A film spends two hours building a mystery and then answers it, and the answer is always smaller than the question. Prometheus does this repeatedly. The films that survive their endings usually decline to explain the thing the audience most wants explained.
Can a bad ending ruin a good film?
Yes, and permanently, because the ending is what a viewer carries. A film is remembered as the shape of its last twenty minutes. That’s unfair to the first ninety and it’s how memory works.
What should a writer take from twenty-five failed endings?
That the ending is a structural problem you solve early. Nearly every failure here was determined by a decision made in the first act that left the writer no honest exit.

About the Author
Richard Lowe, professional ghostwriter

Richard Lowe is a professional ghostwriter and author with 113+ books authored and 54+ ghostwritten. Before writing full time he spent 33 years in enterprise technology, including 20 years as Director of Computer Operations and Technical Services at Trader Joe's. He writes nonfiction, fiction and memoir, and works with executives and experts on books that build authority.

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Disclaimer

The views and opinions expressed in this blog post are solely those of Richard Lowe and are based on personal experience and research. This content is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as professional legal, financial, accounting, or business advice. Always consult with qualified professionals before making important business or legal decisions. Richard Lowe is not a lawyer, accountant, or licensed professional advisor, and this content does not establish any professional relationship.

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