Two creators put numbers in public this year, at opposite ends of the scale, and reached the same conclusion by different routes.
Scott Carney is an investigative journalist. Six books, a Payne Award for ethics, formerly a contributing editor at Wired. He has around 275,000 YouTube subscribers and he showed his revenue dashboard on camera.
Viva La Dirt League is a sketch comedy troupe in Auckland with 7.85 million subscribers and 5.79 billion views. They have never published a revenue figure, and they have said something more useful than one.
What does a good year on YouTube pay?
Carney earned $58,697.71 from YouTube over twelve months. That came from 5,085,347 monetized playbacks at a blended CPM of $14.37.
Watch page advertising was $40,184, about 69 percent. YouTube Premium added $12,877, around 22 percent, which is money from subscribers who never see an ad. Transactions made up the rest.
Five million monetized playbacks produced fifty-nine thousand dollars. That is roughly $11.54 for every thousand plays, all in, and it is the number to keep in mind whenever someone treats a view count as evidence of an income.
The variance is the real story
His best month paid $9,310. His worst full month paid $2,149. Same channel, same person, same production standard, a factor of four and a third between them.
The top four months carried 54 percent of the year. The bottom six carried under a quarter.
Some of that is his catalog, because a few breakouts carry everything. Some of it is not his at all. His CPM ranged from $11.45 in September to $17.00 in March, and that swing is the advertising calendar, not anything he did. Brands spend in the first half and go quiet in the autumn, so identical work paid 48 percent more per thousand views in spring than in early autumn.
An income that moves like that is not a salary. It is a commission structure set by somebody else, with no floor and no notice.
Impact and pay are not connected
The figures Carney gave alongside the dashboard are worse than the dashboard.
A three-month investigation into a supplement company, which he says cost that company an estimated fifty million dollars in subscription revenue, paid him just over seven thousand dollars.
A piece on drone warfare he worked on for roughly eighteen months earned $153.
His combined YouTube and Substack income for the year came to about $84,000, which he compares to a beat reporter’s salary at a major newspaper. No health insurance, no legal department, no editor, and a standing risk of being sued by companies he investigates.
His response was to start taking sponsors. He had turned down at least $150,000 in offers on principle. He now charges $5,500 for a read and says the slots fill without difficulty, which is two to three times his entire year of subscription income.
That is a rational answer to an irrational income, and it is worth noticing what it costs. He is selling access to his audience’s attention to smooth out a number he cannot control.
What does Viva La Dirt League do differently?
They are twenty-eight times his size and they said the quiet part first.
While platforms like YouTube and Facebook provided visibility, the ad revenue was not enough to cover costs. That is their own framing, from a troupe with nearly eight million subscribers and billions of views.
Read that against Carney’s dashboard and the picture stops being about him. If a channel that size cannot fund its own production from advertising, the model does not have a scale problem. It has a design problem.
Their answer went in the opposite direction from his.
In 2022 they crowdfunded four million New Zealand dollars from their audience and bought a studio in Henderson, with an eleven-metre cyclorama, a pre-set lighting rig, and stunt rigging. Adam King has said they expected to raise enough for a co-working space with a garage they could call a studio and did not anticipate what they ended up with. They now rent the space to other filmmakers and offer production services.
Then in July 2024 they launched vivaplus.tv and moved their content, memberships, and merchandise onto a site they own. Patreon had been the membership layer since the beginning, growing from a few hundred dollars a month in 2017 to twelve thousand a month by 2019. They left anyway.
I have written before about what their storytelling gets right across hundreds of episodes, and the discipline in the writing turns out to have a business twin. The people who build durable creative processes also build durable businesses, and for the same reason. Both are about not depending on a thing arriving.
Two answers to the same problem
Carney converted audience attention into sponsor revenue. Viva La Dirt League converted audience money into a building.
The first is faster and it works. The second compounds.
A sponsor slot pays once. It has to be sold again next month, at a rate the market sets, to a buyer who can walk. A studio produces value every day it exists, produces it for other people’s projects too, and does not care what any algorithm did this week.
Neither of them is wrong. Carney is a one-man operation who cannot raise four million dollars for a building and would have no use for one. His asset is his name and his method, and sponsorship is the right monetization for that. The difference is not intelligence, it is what each of them had that could be converted into something that keeps working.
What can a writer convert into an asset?
Most of us are closer to Carney than to a production company, so the useful question is what a writer has that behaves like a building instead of like a sponsor slot.
Four things, and none of them live on a platform.
A book. A title with an ISBN sits in library catalogs, distributor databases, and library holdings for decades. There is no algorithm change that removes it and no feed that deprioritizes it. It also does work no post can do, which is most of it indirect. The book is infrastructure, and treating it as a product with a royalty statement is why so many authors conclude that books do not pay.
A site you own. Not a profile, a domain. Your work on it, structured so machines can read it, because a growing share of readers never see a link at all. They ask a question and get an answer built from sources. Being one of those sources is the current form of being findable, and it is decided by what sits on a page you control.
An exportable list. Subscribers you can take with you as a file, not a follower count held by a company. Substack still allows this and it is genuinely to their credit. Use it while it remains true.
A body of work with your name on it. Carney’s Payne Award and six books are why a stranger trusts his investigation in the first place. That credibility is not on YouTube. YouTube is just where he currently spends it.
The platform is a road, not an address
Every writer who has done this for more than a decade has lived some version of the same story. Google changed. Facebook throttled pages. Medium moved the paywall. Amazon changed the terms. Substack added a feed and the follower graph went vertical while the paid graph went flat.
The constant is not which platform turned. It is that a business with one input it does not control has a single point of failure, and that point is the whole business.
Use the platforms for the thing they are good at, which is reach. Nothing here argues for leaving them. Carney should be on YouTube and Viva La Dirt League should be on YouTube, and both of them are.
The question is what the reach is being converted into. Attention that you sell once is income. Attention that becomes a book, a building, a list, or a reputation is an asset. The first pays this month. The second is still paying when the platform changes its mind.
What would you have if the platform disappeared tomorrow?
That is the whole test, and it takes about a minute.
If your answer is a follower count, you have nothing, because the count does not travel. If the answer is a list, a catalog, a site, and a set of people who know what you do, then the platform going away is an inconvenience instead of an ending.
Carney survives it because six books and an ethics award travel with him. Viva La Dirt League survives it because they own a studio in Henderson and the site their audience already visits.
Most writers reading this will not raise four million dollars. All of them can write the book, own the domain, and keep the list, and those three are available now at a cost measured in months, not millions.
If the book is the piece you keep meaning to get to, the publishing and marketing hub covers what moves them, and writing them for other people is the work I do.
The graph that goes vertical is usually somebody else’s. The building is yours.
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