Humphrey William Bouverie Carpenter (1946-2005) was an English biographer, writer, and radio broadcaster, best known for his authoritative literary biographies. He was born in Oxford, the son of a Bishop of Oxford, and educated at the Dragon School, Marlborough College, and Keble College, Oxford, spending most of his life in and around the city he so often wrote about.
Carpenter made his reputation with J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biography in 1977, the first full life of the author. Working with the cooperation of Christopher Tolkien and the Tolkien Estate, he was given unrestricted access to Tolkien's private papers, diaries, and letters, and he interviewed family and friends. The book remains the principal life study of Tolkien. He followed it by editing The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien and by writing The Inklings, a group biography of Tolkien, C. S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and their Oxford circle, which won the Somerset Maugham Award.
Beyond his Tolkien work, Carpenter wrote acclaimed biographies of W. H. Auden, Ezra Pound, Benjamin Britten, and others, along with a history of BBC Radio's Third Programme and The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature. He combined diligent archival research with a lively, readable style.
He was also a musician and broadcaster who founded an amateur ensemble and presented programs for BBC radio. His Tolkien biography remains the standard starting point for anyone studying the author's life.
Humphrey Carpenter
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien
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