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Films With the Best Opening Scenes

Films With the Best Opening Scenes

The first two minutes that tell you exactly what kind of film you’re watching

A great opening scene is the story, compressed into its essential argument and delivered before the audience has time to settle in. The best openings establish tone, genre, character, stakes, and theme at once, through action, not through explanation, and they do it in a way that makes everything that follows feel inevitable.

I can tell that a film respects me within the first two minutes. Too many movies burn their first ten minutes on establishing shots and characters explaining their own lives to each other, and I’ve checked out before the story starts. The films here know what they are from the first image and say so before the audience has settled in. That confidence is what I want from any storyteller, on screen or on the page.

Each entry here identifies the technique at work. What the opening is doing beyond simply starting the film, and what fiction writers can take from the way these scenes are constructed.

↑ All Films

1. The Godfather (1972)

► Read the full review of The Godfather

Technique: World Delivered Through a Single Scene – Darkness, Power, and Obligation in Four Minutes
Dir: Francis Ford Coppola
⭐ 9.2/10

“I’m going to make him an offer he can’t refuse.”

The film opens in darkness. Bonasera’s voice begins before the image arrives, “I believe in America”, and then the camera slowly pulls back to reveal the Godfather listening in his darkened study on his daughter’s wedding day.

In four minutes, without a single line of exposition, Coppola establishes everything: the Corleone family’s power, the nature of that power (it works in darkness while the world celebrates in the light outside), the code of obligation and loyalty that governs it, and Vito Corleone himself, a man who listens completely before he speaks.

The contrast between the dark study and the sunlit wedding outside, cutting between them throughout the opening, is the film’s central visual argument stated before any character has explained it. The Corleones exist in the shadow of legitimate society while being its mirror image. Everything the film will spend three hours showing is present in this opening in compressed form.

No film on this list deserves the top spot more. Coppola trusts the audience to sit in the dark with Bonasera and work out the rules, and I find that trust thrilling. Most directors would’ve opened on the wedding and all its noise. Coppola makes us wait in the study, and I’m engrossed from that moment on.

For WritersCoppola opens in medias res on a scene that’s already in progress. Bonasera has been talking for some time before the film begins. Beginning after the beginning drops the audience into a world already in motion and forces immediate attention. Your opening scene doesn’t have to start at the starting point. Begin where the world is already happening and let the reader catch up. The scene that begins mid-action produces more immediate engagement than the scene that builds from zero.

↑ All Films

2. Touch of Evil (1958)

► Read the full review of Touch of Evil (1958)

Technique: The Unbroken Take – Three Minutes of Pure Dread Without a Single Cut
Dir: Orson Welles
⭐ 8.0/10

“A medium-sized bomb.”

Welles opens with a close-up of a bomb timer being set, and then the camera pulls back and up into a three-minute unbroken crane shot that follows the bomb being placed in a car trunk, the car moving through a Mexican border town, pedestrians passing, conversations starting and stopping, until the car crosses the border into America and the bomb detonates. The audience knows from the first shot that the car will explode. The entire sequence is the dread of knowing and being unable to stop it.

The technical achievement, a continuous take of this complexity in 1958, is only part of what the shot does. The unbroken nature of the take makes the audience complicit: they’ve been watching, they knew, they couldn’t intervene. Welles establishes the film’s moral world, one in which you can see what’s coming and can’t prevent it, in the form of the opening shot before the story begins.

For WritersWelles gives the audience information the characters don’t have (the bomb, the timer, the inevitability) which creates a kind of dread that suspense without prior knowledge can’t produce. Dramatic irony as an opening technique commits the reader to the scene immediately: they know something and must watch the characters not know it. When you open with information the characters lack, the reader’s desire to warn the characters is what pulls them through the scene.

↑ All Films

3. Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)

► Read the full review of Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)

Technique: Character Fully Established Through Action – No Dialogue Required
Dir: Steven Spielberg
⭐ 8.4/10

“Throw me the idol, I throw you the whip.”

The first shot of Indiana Jones is a silhouette, a figure in a hat in a jungle. In the next ten minutes, before he’s exchanged meaningful dialogue with anyone, the audience knows everything essential about Indiana Jones: he’s competent, resourceful, willing to improvise, occasionally wrong in his confidence, and capable of the mixture of bravado and pragmatism that defines him. The boulder sequence is the sequence that every later action film has tried to replicate, and none have quite matched, because it introduces a character by testing him.

The opening also establishes the film’s tonal contract with the audience: this is an adventure film that takes its action seriously enough to make the danger real while maintaining a sense of fun that prevents the danger from becoming grim. The trap-filled temple, the betrayal, the boulder, the snake. Each element is both threatening and somehow enjoyable. Spielberg established this tonal balance in the first ten minutes and sustained it for two hours.

This is the opening I’d hand to anyone who claims action can’t reveal character. By the time the boulder rolls I know Indy better than I know the heroes of whole franchises, and he hasn’t said a meaningful sentence yet. Every imitator since has copied the traps. They forgot about the man running from them.

For WritersSpielberg introduces Indiana Jones entirely through what he does, not through what anyone says about him. Character revealed through action under pressure is the most efficient and most convincing characterization technique available. Before you write a scene that describes your protagonist’s qualities, ask whether there’s a scene in which those qualities can be showed instead. The protagonist who solves a problem in the opening scene has communicated more about themselves in a page than three pages of description could achieve.

↑ All Films

4. Saving Private Ryan (1998)

► Read the full review of Saving Private Ryan (1998)

Technique: Controlled Chaos – Eliminating Cinematic Distance to Place the Audience in the Experience
Dir: Steven Spielberg
⭐ 8.6/10

“The best thing for them boys to do is get the hell off this beach.”

Twenty-seven minutes of the Omaha Beach landing: handheld, desaturated, chaotic, without musical score, shot with a shutter speed that removes the fluid motion of conventional cinema and replaces it with the strobed clarity of combat photography. Spielberg and cinematographer Janusz Kamiński made deliberate technical choices to eliminate the comfortable distance of conventional war film cinematography and place the audience inside the experience. Veterans reported that the sequence matched what they remembered more closely than any prior film.

The sequence’s achievement is that it makes the stakes of the later story real in a way that no amount of conventional dramatic preparation could achieve. When the film asks the audience to care whether one man is found and brought home, the opening sequence has already established what the war costs per minute of engagement. The human cost of the landing gives everything that follows that weight.

For WritersSpielberg uses the opening sequence to establish the weight that the rest of the film will bear, the cost that makes every later decision meaningful. When your story requires the reader to feel the stakes of a situation before the story asks its question, an opening that shows those stakes in their most extreme form produces a reader who already understands what matters before you tell them why it matters. Establish the weight before you introduce the thing being weighed.

↑ All Films

5. Apocalypse Now (1979)

► Read the full review of Apocalypse Now (1979)

Technique: Psychological State as Opening Image – The Protagonist’s Interior Rendered as Exterior
Dir: Francis Ford Coppola
⭐ 8.5/10

“Saigon. Shit. I’m still only in Saigon.”

The jungle dissolving into the ceiling fan dissolving into the jungle again, “The End” playing, helicopter rotor blades becoming ceiling fan blades.

Coppola opens inside Willard’s psychological state before establishing where he is or who he is. The superimposed images of the jungle over the Saigon hotel room communicate everything about Willard’s condition: he’s in the room but he’s also somewhere else, already consumed by a war that hasn’t yet given him a mission. The opening is the film’s argument stated as sensation before it’s stated as plot.

Willard’s narration, delivered over footage of him drunk and barely functional in his hotel room, establishes the unreliable narrator’s specific quality immediately: a man who sounds lucid and sounds like he’s a perspective on his own situation while being demonstrably incapable of governing himself. The gap between what the narration claims and what the image shows is the film’s central technique, established in the first two minutes.

For WritersCoppola renders Willard’s psychological state as the opening image instead of describing it, the jungle superimposed on the hotel room communicates dissociation more efficiently than any amount of interior monologue. When your protagonist’s internal condition is the story’s subject, consider whether an opening image can communicate that condition directly instead of having the narrator describe it. The image that’s the character’s psychology requires no explanation and no translation. It’s felt before it’s understood.
CTAOpening scenes are the first test of structural craft. The Genre Mastery Handbook covers how to build openings that establish everything essential without explaining anything.

↑ All Films

6. Once Upon a Time in the West (1968)

► Read the full review of Once Upon a Time in the West (1968)

Technique: Patience as Argument – Twelve Minutes of Silence That Teach the Audience How to Watch
Dir: Sergio Leone
⭐ 8.5/10

“You brought two too many.”

Three gunmen wait at a train station. Leone gives them twelve minutes. A fly lands on a face and is allowed to crawl. A water drip falls rhythmically into a hat. Wind moves through the station. The men stretch and sweat. The train arrives late and leaves. A harmonica plays. Violence arrives in an instant after twelve minutes of accumulated tension.

Without a word of dialogue, the opening communicates everything: this is a film that will require your patience, that takes its time seriously, and that will make you feel every second of the wait before it delivers.

Leone’s opening is also a formal statement about what the Western means to him, not the fast-draw excitement of the Hollywood Western but the existential weight of men waiting to kill or be killed, for whom violence is the only available resolution to a world that offers nothing else. The twelve minutes of waiting are the film’s argument about the world it depicts.

Twelve minutes of flies and dripping water, and I wouldn’t cut a frame. I lose patience fast with filmmakers who mistake slow for deep, and Leone shows the difference better than anyone. Every second of that wait tightens something, so by the time the harmonica plays, the tension has nowhere left to go.

For WritersLeone uses the opening sequence to teach the audience how to read the film, if you stayed for twelve minutes of near-silence, you’ve already shown you’re the audience this film wants. An opening that establishes the pace and tone of what follows filters the audience and prepares them for what the story requires. When your story requires patience and attention, an opening that rewards patience signals immediately what kind of engagement is being asked for. The audience that remains after a slow opening is the audience ready for the slow film. I’ve gone into this further in my piece on opening pages that hook readers.

↑ All Films

7. The Dark Knight (2008)

► Read the full review of The Dark Knight (2008)

Technique: The Villain Enters Fully Formed – No Origin, No Explanation, Complete Menace
Dir: Christopher Nolan
⭐ 9.0/10

“Why so serious?”

The bank heist opening introduces the Joker through the technique of progressive revelation: a clown mask among clown masks, never distinguished from the others until the sequence of betrayals eliminates everyone else. Each of the Joker’s accomplices describes the plan’s architect (smart, cautious, crazy) without naming him, and then he removes his mask last, already the only one standing, and delivers the film’s thesis in a single line to a bank manager who has just been shot.

The audience has just watched a careful criminal operation executed by a man who improvises at every step. The opening establishes the paradox that makes the Joker terrifying for the entire film.

The heist structure, familiar enough that the audience tracks it without explanation, allows Nolan to focus entirely on the Joker’s specific qualities within a structure that needs no setup. The form is borrowed; the content is entirely original.

For WritersNolan introduces his villain through behavior in a scene that shows every quality the film needs the audience to understand about him: intelligence, improvisation, willingness to betray even his own people, complete indifference to conventional criminal logic. Introduce your antagonist by showing them doing what they do, not by having other characters describe them. The villain who is already operating at full capacity in the first scene is more frightening than the villain whose menace is reported before it’s showed. There’s more on this in my article on why villain motivations fall apart.

↑ All Films

8. Goodfellas (1990)

► Read the full review of Goodfellas (1990)

Technique: The Freeze Frame – A Single Image That Contains the Entire Film
Dir: Martin Scorsese
⭐ 8.7/10

“As far back as I can remember, I always wanted to be a gangster.”

The film opens with a car driving through the night. A thumping in the trunk. The car stops. Three men get out. They open the trunk to finish what they started. Freeze frame on Henry Hill’s face, lit red. “As far back as I can remember, I always wanted to be a gangster.”

The freeze frame on Henry’s face (which will be shown completing this scene only at the film’s end) is the film’s entire argument in a single image: the glamour and the consequence in the same expression, the man who wanted this and who has arrived at exactly where the wanting leads.

The line is the film’s other achievement, eleven words that contain the entire trajectory of the story in a single sentence. Henry wanted this. He got it. The film is what getting it looks like from beginning to end. Every later scene is the elaboration of that sentence, and the freeze frame is the elaboration of that look on his face.

That’s the best line of opening narration I know. Henry says it with pride, and we’ve just watched what the pride costs. Scorsese dares you to be charmed anyway, and I am. That’s the most uncomfortable compliment I can pay a film.

For WritersScorsese’s freeze frame places the end at the beginning, the audience sees the consequence before they see the desire that produced it. Beginning with the consequence and then showing how it was reached produces a different reading experience: the reader watches the story knowing the destination. That changes every scene from a question about what happens to a question about how it happens. In-medias-res openings that then flash back create this structure. Used correctly, they produce dramatic irony that sustains tension across an entire narrative.

↑ All Films

9. Up (2009)

► Read the full review of Up (2009)

Technique: A Complete Life in Four Minutes – The Most Efficient Emotional Investment in Cinema
Dir: Pete Docter / Pixar
⭐ 8.3/10

“Adventure is out there!”

Pixar compresses an entire marriage (meeting, courtship, wedding, the discovery they can’t have children, growing old together, illness, death) into four wordless minutes set to Michael Giacchino’s score. By the time the montage ends and the actual story begins, the audience has fully invested in Carl Fredricksen’s loss and fully understands why an old man would tie balloons to his house and fly away from everything. The opening establishes the film’s emotional premise before a single scene of conventional storytelling has occurred.

The technical achievement is compression, an entire relationship’s emotional arc in the time most films spend on establishing shots. But the greater achievement is that the compression doesn’t feel truncated. Every beat is chosen for maximum emotional efficiency and placed in the exact sequence that produces the grief the film needs. It’s the best four minutes of filmmaking Pixar has produced, in a career of exceptional filmmaking.

For WritersDocter and his team identified the minimum number of emotional beats required to make an audience fully invest in a character’s loss. And found it was achievable in four minutes without dialogue. When you need to establish a character’s backstory before your story’s present-tense action begins, identify the emotional beats that are essential instead of the full chronology of events. The backstory that delivers only its necessary emotional content is more effective than the backstory that provides complete information. Compress to the essential feeling. My piece on character backstory digs into this.

↑ All Films

10. There Will Be Blood (2007)

► Read the full review of There Will Be Blood (2007)

Technique: Action Before Dialogue – Fifteen Minutes Without a Word of Spoken Language
Dir: Paul Thomas Anderson
⭐ 8.2/10

“I’m an oil man.”

Anderson opens with Daniel Plainview alone in the desert, mining silver with hand tools, falling down a mine shaft, climbing back up with a broken leg, and dragging himself to a land office to file his claim. Fifteen minutes of near-silence. No dialogue. No other characters. Jonny Greenwood’s score and the sounds of physical labor.

By the time Plainview speaks, the audience already knows the essential quality of the man: he’ll break himself in half before he stops, he works alone, and he’ll drag himself however far is necessary to claim what he’s found. The drive that will become pathological is already present in the opening sequence in its most purely physical form.

Anderson understood that Plainview’s obsessive drive had to be established before the film’s social and religious conflicts could matter. A man introduced through dialogue could be charming or deceptive. A man introduced through fifteen minutes of solitary physical labor is already known in his bones before he opens his mouth.

For WritersAnderson establishes his protagonist entirely through physical action before he speaks. The audience knows Plainview’s character completely from watching him work alone in silence. When you introduce a character whose defining quality is drive, ambition, or obsession, showing them doing the work is more revealing than any amount of dialogue or description. The character who doesn’t stop reveals themselves by not stopping. Show the behavior. The quality the behavior communicates doesn’t need to be named.

↑ All Films

11. Gravity (2013)

► Read the full review of Gravity (2013)

Technique: From Serenity to Catastrophe – The Widest Possible Tonal Swing in a Single Unbroken Take
Dir: Alfonso Cuarón
⭐ 7.7/10

“Houston, I have a bad feeling about this mission.”

Cuarón opens with a long, slow take of the Earth from orbit (serene, beautiful, the blue of the planet from space) and astronauts at work in the silence of vacuum. For several minutes, nothing happens except the ordinary procedures of a spacewalk. Then debris arrives at orbital velocity and the film’s entire premise is activated in seconds. The contrast between the opening’s serenity and the catastrophe’s sudden onset is the opening’s primary achievement: having established the peace that space offers when it’s not trying to kill you, the catastrophe hits with its full weight.

Cuarón’s unbroken take, which continues for several minutes into the disaster sequence, keeps the audience in the experience instead of cutting to safety through editing. The continuous shot refuses the comfort of a cut between the calm and the chaos. That means the audience can’t reset emotionally between the two states. They’re already in the calm when the chaos begins.

Those first minutes in orbit awe me more than anything else I’ve seen in a movie. My reservation comes later. Once the debris hits, the film trades that serenity for one near-miss after another, and somewhere around the third or fourth I’m watching the machinery instead of the astronaut. The opening sets a bar the rest of the film can’t quite clear.

For WritersCuarón establishes peace before catastrophe, spending enough time in the serene state that the audience inhabits it before it’s destroyed. When your story opens with a disruption of an established order, the established order must be established before it’s disrupted. The reader must have something to lose before the loss can land. Give the reader the peace first. The length of the peace determines the weight of its destruction.

↑ All Films

12. Inglourious Basterds (2009)

► Read the full review of Inglourious Basterds (2009)

Technique: Polite Terror – Menace Delivered Entirely Through Conversation
Dir: Quentin Tarantino
⭐ 8.3/10

“I love rumor. Facts can be so misleading, where rumors, true or false, are often revealing.”

Hans Landa arrives at a French dairy farmer’s home, asks for milk, sits down, discusses the differences between rats and squirrels, and proceeds to show complete knowledge of the Jewish family hidden under the floorboards. Landa conducts the entire sequence in conversational French and then switches to English, his choice, which he explains like a man who enjoys revealing that his interlocutor has no secrets. Tarantino shows no violence. He implies it entirely; it arrives only after Landa has left. The opening is twenty minutes of sustained dread delivered through politeness.

Christoph Waltz’s performance and Tarantino’s screenplay establish Landa as the most complete villain in the film’s world: a man who’s charming, intelligent, enjoying himself, and completely indifferent to the human cost of what he’s doing. The menace is in the charm. The horror is in the milk.

For WritersTarantino builds terror through polite, intelligent conversation, the horror that accumulates when someone is being charming and the reader knows what the charm is in service of. Menace delivered through politeness is more sustained than menace delivered through threat, because politeness maintains the pretense that violence isn’t inevitable until the moment it is. The villain who is pleasant to be around until he isn’t is more disturbing than the villain who announces himself. Build the charm before you reveal the cost.

↑ All Films

13. Full Metal Jacket (1987)

► Read the full review of Full Metal Jacket (1987)

Technique: Identity Erasure as Opening Act – Individuals Becoming Types in Real Time
Dir: Stanley Kubrick
⭐ 8.3/10

“Tonight, you pukes will sleep with your rifles.”

Kubrick opens on a line of young men having their heads shaved in sequence, each face passing through the frame as an individual and emerging indistinguishable from the others.

Then Hartman arrives. The opening sequence of Hartman’s abuse is the film’s most formally complete section: in ten minutes, Kubrick shows the mechanism of institutional identity replacement, the process by which individuals are broken down and reassembled as soldiers. It’s the entire film’s first half compressed into its essential action.

R. Lee Ermey’s Hartman (an actual Marine drill instructor whose improvisations became the script) delivers abuse that’s so specific and so relentlessly personalized that it communicates the film’s central point: the institution sees every weakness individually and attacks it. Institutional brutality that’s tailored to the individual is more disturbing than institutional brutality that’s generic, because it implies knowledge. The institution has assessed you and found your vulnerability.

Hartman scares me more than anything in the film’s second half, and I suspect Kubrick knew that would happen. Ermey makes every insult feel aimed at one specific recruit, and that specificity is what makes the barracks so hard to sit through. My one gripe is that nothing after the barracks matches it.

For WritersKubrick opens with the mechanism of transformation instead of with the characters it will transform, the haircuts, then Hartman’s assault on individual identity. When your story is about what an institution does to people, opening with the institution’s process before introducing the characters who will undergo it establishes the mechanism the reader will watch operating across the entire narrative. The process introduced in the opening drives everything that follows.

↑ All Films

14. The Matrix (1999)

► Read the full review of The Matrix (1999)

Technique: The World’s Rules Demonstrated Before They’re Explained
Dir: The Wachowskis
⭐ 8.7/10

“He’s beginning to believe.”

The Wachowskis open with Trinity, not Neo, in a police confrontation that shows the film’s physics before the film explains them.

The bullet-time sequence, the impossible jumps, the wall-running: the audience sees what this world permits before anyone explains why it permits it. This is the correct order. The rule showed before it’s explained produces curiosity. If the film had opened with an explanation of the Matrix, the audience would evaluate the explanation. By opening with the demonstration, the audience accepts the rules and then receives the explanation.

In the opening, the film also introduces Trinity as its most capable character: she escapes a situation that kills Agents. That establishes Agents as dangerous. That makes the later revelation that Neo is more capable than Trinity carry actual weight. The opening provides the baseline from which all later character capabilities are measured.

For WritersThe Wachowskis show before they explain, showing the world’s physics in action before any character articulates the rules. When you open a story set in a world with unfamiliar rules, showing the rules operating is more effective than explaining them. The reader who has seen a character do the impossible and accepted it on a sensory level will receive the explanation with curiosity, not with the resistance that explanations-first tend to produce. Demonstrate, then explain. Never explain, then show.

↑ All Films

15. Se7en (1995)

► Read the full review of Se7en (1995)

Technique: Title Sequence as Character Study – Two Men Established Before They Meet
Dir: David Fincher
⭐ 8.6/10

“Ernest Hemingway once wrote, ‘The world is a fine place and worth fighting for.’ I agree with the second part.”

Kyle Cooper’s title sequence (razor blades, journal pages, spliced film, Nine Inch Nails) establishes John Doe’s inner world before the audience knows his identity.

The sequence is the killer’s psychology rendered as images: obsessive, careful, religious, operating at a remove from human contact. The audience has been inside John Doe’s preparation before the film’s first scene. When the detectives eventually discover the murders, their details feel inevitable instead of surprising because the opening sequence has already communicated the mind that produced them.

Fincher uses the title sequence, a formal element that most films waste, as a narrative device. The credits are the prologue. By the time the film begins, the killer’s presence is already established in the audience’s nervous system even though they haven’t yet seen him.

For WritersFincher establishes the killer’s psychology before the detectives discover the first murder. That means the reader receives the murders as the product of a mind they’ve already encountered, not as shocking events with an unknown origin. When your story involves a hidden antagonist whose psychology is its subject, communicating that psychology before you reveal the antagonist’s identity changes the reading experience: the reader feels the presence before they understand its source. Establish the shadow before you introduce the figure casting it.
CTAEvery technique in these openings is applicable to the first pages of fiction. The Genre Mastery Handbook covers opening structure directly. What the first scene must accomplish and how.

↑ All Films

16. 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968)

► Read the full review of 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968)

Technique: The Dawn of Man – Humanity’s First Tool as the Film’s Central Argument
Dir: Stanley Kubrick
⭐ 8.3/10

“Also Sprach Zarathustra.”

Kubrick opens the film in prehistoric Africa: hominids, a waterhole, territory, and then the monolith. One hominid picks up a bone, understands it as a weapon, and kills. Kubrick cuts on the bone thrown in the air to a nuclear weapons satellite in orbit. The entire history of human technological development, from the first weapon to the ultimate weapon, in a single cut across four million years.

The Dawn of Man sequence is the film’s thesis expressed as pure cinema, requiring no dialogue and no explanation, complete in itself and announcing the film’s argument about intelligence, tools, and violence before the story’s present-tense action begins.

The match cut, bone to satellite, is the single most famous cut in cinema history and the most compressed statement of a film’s theme available in any opening sequence. Everything the film will spend two hours exploring is present in that cut.

The Dawn of Man sequence and that match cut belong here, and I’d defend both anywhere. The rest of 2001 tests my patience more than it rewards it. Kubrick said everything in one cut and then spent two hours saying it again more slowly. I admire the opening and I respect the ambition, and that’s as warm as I get about this one.

For WritersKubrick’s bone-to-satellite cut makes its argument in a single juxtaposition, two images whose collision produces a meaning that neither image contains alone. The theme you can express as a juxtaposition of two images is a theme you’ve identified with precision. When you know your story’s central argument clearly enough to express it as the collision of two images or moments, you know the argument well enough to sustain it across the entire work. Find the cut that contains your story.

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17. Blade Runner (1982)

► Read the full review of Blade Runner (1982)

Technique: World as Opening Argument – The City Tells You Everything Before a Character Speaks
Dir: Ridley Scott
⭐ 8.1/10

“All those moments will be lost in time, like tears in rain.”

Scott opens on an extreme long shot of a dark industrial landscape, oil refineries flaring against a black sky, and then pulls slowly back to reveal Los Angeles 2019: a city of perpetual night, rain, and layered neon. Scott introduces no character.

No story begins. The opening sequence is a pure act of worldbuilding: Scott places the audience inside a world that already exists fully, before any character arrives to inhabit it. By the time Deckard appears, the film has completely established the world’s character.

He exists within a world the audience already knows instead of arriving in a world they’re discovering at the same time.

Those first images also set the film’s emotional tone, not excitement or adventure but melancholy beauty, a world that’s spectacular and dying at the same time. Every later image of Los Angeles 2019 inherits the emotional quality of the opening shot. I’ll take that opening shot over most of what follows it. The city is gorgeous and sad, and Scott builds it with more care than he gives Deckard, who never interests me the way Los Angeles does. I enjoy the film. I just wish its hero felt as alive as its skyline.

For WritersScott opens on the world, not on a character, establishing the world’s character before any human character arrives to inhabit it. When your world’s atmosphere is central to your story’s meaning, giving the world the opening, before your protagonist arrives, establishes the emotional tone that every later scene will inherit. The world that’s established before the characters arrive is the world the characters must contend with. It has presence independent of the story it contains.

↑ All Films

18. The Social Network (2010)

► Read the full review of The Social Network (2010)

Technique: A Conversation That Contains the Entire Film – Character, Flaw, and Consequence in Four Minutes
Dir: David Fincher / Aaron Sorkin
⭐ 7.8/10

“You’re going to go through life thinking that girls don’t like you because you’re a tech geek. And I want you to know, from the bottom of my heart, that that won’t be true. It’ll be because you’re an asshole.”

Sorkin opens with a four-minute conversation between Mark Zuckerberg and his girlfriend Erica that moves so fast and covers so much ground that most viewers need a second viewing to catch everything. In four minutes, Zuckerberg shows every quality the film will spend two hours exploring: the intelligence, the social blindness, the kind of arrogance that mistakes intelligence for permission.

Erica’s final line to him (that he’ll be thought an asshole not because he’s a tech geek but because he’s an asshole) is the film’s entire thesis delivered as a breakup line four minutes in.

The speed of the opening is itself characterization. This is how Mark Zuckerberg’s mind moves, and if you can’t keep up you’re already in the position of everyone he’s ever left behind. The film places the audience inside the experience of someone outpacing them with no awareness that they’re doing it.

For WritersSorkin opens with a scene that’s the film in miniature: every quality of Zuckerberg’s character, every quality of what he does to people, and the film’s central thesis all delivered in four minutes of dialogue. When you can write a scene that’s your story compressed into its essential argument, that scene is your opening. The opening that delivers the story’s thesis as an experience instead of as a statement has done the highest possible work in the shortest possible space.

↑ All Films

19. Alien (1979)

► Read the full review of Alien (1979)

Technique: Silence and Scale – The Vast Indifference of Space Established Before a Human Appears
Dir: Ridley Scott
⭐ 8.5/10

“In space, no one can hear you scream.”

Scott opens on the Nostromo drifting through space: silent, vast, indifferent. No music initially. The ship is impossibly small against the void.

The opening sequence (slow, quiet, letting the scale communicate itself) establishes the film’s central truth before a human being appears: you’re very small, you’re very alone, and the universe has no interest in your survival. When the crew wake from hypersleep, they wake into a world that the opening has already established as hostile to their presence.

Scott and cinematographer Derek Vanlint’s decision to hold on the Nostromo in silence (to let the audience feel the scale before introducing the characters it will overwhelm) is the opening’s essential decision. The alien isn’t the primary threat in Alien. The scale is. The alien is simply the mechanism by which the scale expresses its indifference.

That silent drift is the bravest choice in Alien, and it’s why the film frightens me. My reservation is the crew. Scott spends so long on the ship that the people aboard stay thin for too long, and I end up caring more about the dark around them than about who makes it out.

For WritersScott establishes the environment’s scale and indifference before introducing the characters it will dwarf. When your story’s central threat is environmental or existential, not personal, give the environment the opening. Before your characters arrive, before they claim any space in the reader’s attention. The environment you establish as vast and indifferent before the characters enter it is an environment the characters must reckon with. They’re guests in it. Establish the host before the guests arrive.

↑ All Films

20. No Country for Old Men (2007)

► Read the full review of No Country for Old Men (2007)

Technique: Voice Over as Elegy – The Ending’s Emotional Tone Delivered at the Beginning
Dir: Joel and Ethan Coen
⭐ 8.2/10

“The crime you see now, it’s hard to even take its measure.”

Bell’s voiceover opens over images of the West Texas landscape (flat, brown, relentlessly horizontal) describing a world that’s changed in ways he can’t account for, where violence has become something outside his experience and his comprehension. The Coens open with the ending’s emotional tone: defeat, incomprehension, the sadness of a man who has outlived the world he understood. Before Chigurh appears, before Moss finds the money, before the film’s plot begins, the audience already knows the emotional destination.

Everything that follows is the story of how Bell arrives at the voiceover that opened the film.

Beyond the setup, the opening also establishes the film’s central formal quality, the West Texas landscape as something vast and indifferent and older than the human drama being played out across it. The landscape doesn’t care about the money or Chigurh or Moss or Bell. The opening communicates this before the drama begins and holds it throughout.

For WritersThe Coens open with the emotional destination, Bell’s defeat and incomprehension, before showing the events that produce it. When your story ends in a specific emotional state, consider whether opening with that state and then showing how it was arrived at produces a more powerful experience than arriving at it through conventional linear narration. The reader who knows the emotional destination watches every event as a step toward something they already feel the weight of. The arrival at a known destination is the fulfillment of a promise made at the beginning.

What Every Great Opening Scene Does

Across these twenty openings, the technique varies enormously: twelve minutes of silence, four minutes of fast dialogue, a wordless montage, a single unbroken take, a title sequence. What they share is more fundamental than technique: every opening on this list communicates the film’s essential argument before the plot requires it to be stated.

Establish the world before the character

Blade Runner, Alien, Once Upon a Time in the West

Introduce character through action not description

Raiders, There Will Be Blood, The Dark Knight

Deliver the thesis before the story begins

Goodfellas, Social Network, 2001, No Country

Demonstrate rules before explaining them

The Matrix, Touch of Evil

Establish peace before destroying it

Gravity, Saving Private Ryan, Up

Build menace through patience or charm

Inglourious Basterds, Once Upon a Time in the West

The one thing no great opening does: begin with information the story doesn’t immediately need. Every second of every opening on this list is necessary. If a scene can be cut without losing something essential, it’s not the opening scene. It’s the scene before the opening scene. That shouldn’t exist.

Openings that warm up infuriate me, in film or in fiction. Every movie here threw its audience into the deep end and trusted them to swim, and none of them needed a prologue or a lecture to do it. If a filmmaker can make me understand a whole world in four minutes, a novelist has no excuse for spending twenty pages clearing their throat.

What film has the best opening scene?

The Shining’s hedge maze. Jaws’s beach. Pulp Fiction‘s diner. All strong arguments. Drop your nominations in the comments.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What does a great opening scene accomplish?
State the film's argument before the plot needs it. The Godfather opens on a man asking for a favor and being corrected about respect. That’s the entire film compressed into one exchange. The audience learns the terms of the world before they know they’re learning anything.
Is a great opening the same as a hook?
No. A hook creates curiosity and can be detached from the film. These openings are load bearing: remove them and the following two hours land differently, because the audience no longer knows how to read what they’re seeing.
What can a writer take from film openings?
The discipline of front-loading the terms instead of the events. Novels routinely spend a first chapter on setup that the opening scene of a good film accomplishes in ninety seconds, because film can’t afford the delay and prose merely feels like it can.
Which opening on this list is most instructive?
Touch of Evil, because the famous unbroken shot is doing structural work instead of showing off. It establishes geography, the bomb, and the border in one movement, and every element pays off later.

About the Author
Richard Lowe, professional ghostwriter

Richard Lowe is a professional ghostwriter and author with 113+ books authored and 54+ ghostwritten. Before writing full time he spent 33 years in enterprise technology, including 20 years as Director of Computer Operations and Technical Services at Trader Joe's. He writes nonfiction, fiction and memoir, and works with executives and experts on books that build authority.

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Disclaimer

The views and opinions expressed in this blog post are solely those of Richard Lowe and are based on personal experience and research. This content is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as professional legal, financial, accounting, or business advice. Always consult with qualified professionals before making important business or legal decisions. Richard Lowe is not a lawyer, accountant, or licensed professional advisor, and this content does not establish any professional relationship.

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